1. Acetic Acid
Acetic acid is a colorless and corrosive liquid with pungent smell of its own. It is miscible with water, alcohol and ether in all proportions. Acetic acid is used in garment industry for dyeing purposes.
2. Citric Acid
Citric acid is in the form of colorless, translucent crystals or a white granular to fine crystalline powder. It is used as sequestering agent, as mordanting agent in dyeing and cleansing agent for boiler water.
3. Formic Acid
Formic acid is a colorless and pungent smelling mobile liquid. It is miscible with water, alcohol and ether in all proportions. It acts both as an acid and as reducing agent due to presence of both carboxylic and aldehyde group. Formic acid is used in dyeing wool and cotton fabrics.
4. Hydrochloric Acid, HCl
Hydrochloric acid gas is a colorless, pungent smelling gas with acidic taste. It fumes in moist air and is extremely soluble in water.
5. Nitric Acid, HNO3
Nitric acid is a colorless fuming liquid when pure but may be colored yellow due to its dissociation products mainly nitrogen dioxide. It is a strong acid and acts as a powerful oxidizing agent. Nitric acid is used in the manufacture of dyes.
6. Oxalic Acid, HOOC.COOH.2H2O
Oxalic is a colorless, crystalline solid with two molecules of water of crystallization. Oxalic acid is used in garment and textile industry for the removal of ink stains from cloths and bleaching of straw for hats. Its antimony salts are used as mordant for dyeing and printing.
7. Liquid Ammonia, NH4OH
Ammonia is a colorless gas with characteristic pungent odor and an alkaline taste. It is used as a cleansing agent for removing grease in dry cleaning.
8. Caustic Soda ( Sodium Hydroxide), NaOH
Caustic soda is a deliquescent white crystalline solid, which readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. It is used for mercerizing cotton.
9. Soda Ash ( Washing Soda), Na2CO3
Sodium carbonate is a white crystalline solid containing water of crystallization. It is used in laundry as washing soda. It is also used for softening water.
10. Sodium Bicarbonate ( Baking Soda), NaHCO3
Sodium bicarbonate is available in the form of white crystals, sparingly soluble in water. It is alkaline in nature.
11. Sodium Silicate
Liquid alkaline Sodium silicate is mostly used in garment industry as a fixing agent and for rendering the garments fire proof.
12. Trisodium Phosphate, Na3PO4
It is a white crystalline solid soluble in water. It is used as detergent in garment processing.
13. Common Salt
It is used as to exhaust dyeing with direct and reactive dyes.
14. Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate
It is used in printing paste as an acid liberating agent.
14. Glauber Salt, Na2SO4.10H2O
It is used in dyestuff, textile and garment industry. In textile and garment industry, it is added to the dye bath for cotton fabrics to promote dye exhaustion.
15. Magnesium Chloride
It is a colorless, crystalline deliquescent substance soluble in water. It is used in textile and garment industry for sizing, dressing and filling of cotton and woollen fabrics, for thread lubrication or carbonization of wool.
16. Tatar- Emetic
Potassium Antimonyl Tartarateis known as Tartar-emetic. It is used as mordant in large quantities in garment and textile industry.
17. Zinc Chloride
It is a white deliquescent solid exceedingly soluble in water. The concentrated aqueous solution of zinc chloride dissolves cellulose.
18. Zinc Sulphate ZnSO4.7H2O
It is a crystalline solid very soluble in water. It is used as mordant in printing.
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